Location: Central South America, northeast of Argentina

Language: Spanish (official), Guarani

Currency: 1 guarani (G) = 100 centimos

Population: 5,434,095

Natural Hazards: local flooding in southeast (early September to June); poorly drained plains may become boggy (early October to June)

Import: capital goods, consumer goods, foodstuffs, raw
materials, fuels

Export: cotton, soybeans, timber, vegetable oils, meat products, coffee, tung oil

Industries: meat packing, oilseed crushing, milling, brewing, textiles, other light consumer goods, cement, construction

Transportation:
Railways:
total: 971 km
standard gauge: 441 km 1.435-m gauge
narrow gauge: 60 km 1.000-m gauge
note: there are 470 km of various gauges that are privately owned

Highways:
total: 29,500 km
paved: 2,803 km
unpaved: 26,697 km

Waterways: 3,100 km

Ports & Harbors: Asuncion, Villeta, San Antonio, Encarnacion

Location: Western South America, bordering the South Pacific Ocean, between Chile and Ecuador

Language: Spanish (official), Quechua (official), Aymara

Currency: 1 nuevo sol (S/.) = 100 centimos

Population: 26,624,582

Natural Hazards: earthquakes, tsunamis, flooding, landslides, mild volcanic activity

Import: machinery, transport equipment, foodstuffs, petroleum, iron and steel, chemicals, pharmaceuticals

Export: copper, zinc, fishmeal, crude petroleum and
byproducts, lead, refined silver, coffee, cotton

Industries: mining of metals, petroleum, fishing, textiles, clothing, food processing,
cement, auto assembly, steel, shipbuilding, metal fabrication

Transportation:
Railways:
total: 2,041 km
standard gauge: 1,726 km 1.435-m gauge
narrow gauge: 315 km 0.914-m gauge

Highways:
total: 72,146 km
paved: 7,353 km
unpaved: 64,793 km

Waterways: 8,600 km of navigable tributaries of Amazon system and 208 km of
Lago Titicaca

Ports & Harbors: Callao, Chimbote, Ilo, Matarani, Paita, Puerto Maldonado, Salaverry, San Martin, Talara, Iquitos, Pucallpa, Yurimaguas Iquitos, Pucallpa, and Yurimaguas are all on the upper reaches of the Amazon and its tributaries